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Marylander (train)
The ''Marylander'' was a Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) afternoon passenger train between New York City and Washington, D.C., operated by the B&O in partnership with the Reading Railroad and the Central Railroad of New Jersey between Jersey City, New Jersey, and Washington, D.C.. Other intermediate cities served were Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Wilmington, Delaware, and Baltimore, Maryland.〔Herbert H. Harwood, Jr., ''Royal Blue Line''. Sykesville, Md.: Greenberg Publishing, 1990 (ISBN 0-89778-155-4), pp. 161–167.〕 The ''Marylander''s origin can be traced back to the late 1890s, when the B&O began its famed Royal Blue Line service between New York and Washington. Operating as #524 northbound and #525 southbound, the trains were called the ''New York Express'' and the ''Washington Express'', respectively, in the 1910s and 1920s. The ''Marylander'' and its predecessors offered a high level of passenger amenities, such as parlor cars with private drawing rooms, full dining car service, deluxe lounge cars, and onboard radio and telephone service. The ''Marylander'' made history in 1948 when it was the first moving train to offer onboard television reception. It was one of B&O's faster trains on the route, maintaining a four-hour schedule until its discontinuation in October 1956 due to declining patronage.
==History==
First introduced by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) as one of the New York–Washington Royal Blue Line trains in the 1890s, the ''Marylander'' began life as Train #524, the ''New York Express'', departing Washington at 1 p.m. Southbound, the ''Washington Express'' operated as Train #525 with a mid-afternoon departure from Jersey City.〔Harwood, ''Royal Blue Line'', pp. 121–126.〕
By the late 1920s, Trains #524 and #525 were among the B&O's ten daily passenger trains in each direction between Washington and New York. On May 29, 1929, the B&O dubbed its mid-afternoon deluxe Washington-New York train the ''Columbian''.〔 By the early 1930s, intense competition from the Pennsylvania Railroad in the New York–Washington market prompted the B&O to air condition the train in 1932, the first railroad to do so.〔 Also introduced were the richly-appointed ''Martha Washington''-series dining cars, celebrated for their decor and fresh Chesapeake Bay cuisine served on Dresden china in ornate cars with glass chandeliers and colonial-style furnishings. Dining car specialties included oysters and Chesapeake Bay fish served with cornmeal muffins. In September 1941, the B&O introduced a new Washington–Chicago all-coach train, calling it the ''Columbian''.〔Harwood, ''Royal Blue Line'', p. 153.〕 The ''Columbian's'' former afternoon schedule between New York and Washington was renamed the ''Marylander''.〔〔
Along with most other rail passenger services in the U.S. during World War II, the ''Marylander'' enjoyed a surge in passenger traffic between 1942 and 1945 as volume doubled to passengers annually on B&O's eight daily New York–Washington trains.〔 Following the end of the war, however, passenger volumes soon dropped below prewar levels and B&O discontinued one of its eight daily New York–Washington trains. Between the late 1940s and the mid-1950s, the ''Marylander'' and the line's flagship ''Royal Blue'' continued to serve New York, along with three New York–St. Louis, Missouri trains: the ''Metropolitan Special'', ''National Limited'', and ''Diplomat'', and two Chicago trains: the ''Capitol Limited'' and ''Shenandoah''.〔''Official Guide of the Railways''. New York: National Railway Publication Co., February 1956, pp. 414–418.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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